Rasberry Pi, Z-Wave and Domoticz: Setup Part 2

This article is about using Z-Wave with a Raspberry Pi.  Z-Wave and ZigBee are the two big wireless players in the Home Automation automation market.  A single z-wave wireless controller can communicate with a large number of devices.  These devices include outlet switches, power meters, alarm sensors, remote controlled light bulbs and other accessories.

The USB stick on the left is a Z-Wave Z-Stick S2 that acts as an interface between a computer and a network of wireless devices. It can be controlled via COTS software open source libraries like openzwave.  The outlet on the right is a Z-Wave wireless controlled outlet that reports back power consumption and state.



I received this controller / switch pair at the Microsoft Build conference a couple years back.  They were one of the "prizes" you could buy when you earned conference credits for running through the labs.  I really had no idea what they were for a couple years until I took the time to do some research.

The Raspberry Pi can be an ideal Home Automation host that lets people use web interfaces or mobile apps to control devices via the USB Z-Wave controller.  I recommend using the Raspberry Pi 3 as a control device because it has the most capacity headroom.  

The picture at the right is a Raspberry Pi V1 Running Domoticz Home Automation software with a Z-Wave USB control dongle and a PiFace digital I/O daughter board.


A Z-Wave stick control dozens of wireless devices.  The PiFace Digital I/O daughter-board supports direct connection of up to 8 digital input and 8 digital output devices.

About Domoticz

Domoticz is an open source Home Automation dashboard that can be installed on a Raspberry Pi.  It is one of several automation platforms that run on the Raspberry Pi under Linux. Domoticz supports dozens of automation hardware controllers, Z-Wave, hardware boards, LAN based controllers, etc. Each controller can manage one or multiple individual devices, depending on the controller type and the device type.it.  Each device can have multiple switches, monitors, outputs or inputs.

Domoticz provides a web interface that can configure new hardware (controllers), identify associated devices and their features.  Those mappings are then managed and controlled through a set of dashboards.

Main Menu

The Domoticz consists of 3 main parts

1. Setup: The main utility menu with some interesting sub menus.
1. Hardware: Attached controllers like the ZWave USB stick or a PiFace.
2. Devices: Controlled endpoints like switches and utility monitors.
2. Configured Devices
1. Switches: Exactly what it sounds like
2. Temperature: Thermometers.
3. Weather: Weather stations
4. Utility: power and current monitoring
3. Dashboard: Unified view across types

Installation Preconditions

1. You have a Raspberry Pi running the standard Raspberry Pi O/S.  I installed the full version mostly because I'm too lazy to put together the thinnest custom pac
2. kage needed.
3. You have a Z-Wave controller stick or add on board for the Raspberry Pi.
4. Your Z-Wave controller is paired with one or more devices.  There are instructions online that show how to pair devices with out using a computer. 
5. Your Raspberry Pi has an internet connection that can be used to install and update software.
6. Your Raspberry Pi has had all updates installed.
7. Decide if you want the Raspberry Pi to use static or dynamic IP addresses.  The Domoticz  wiki recommends static IPs to make the web UI easier to find.  The system will work with either.

Installing Domoticz

I tend to use an HDMI display for this but you could do everything through SSH or command line instead. You need to know the Raspberry Pi's IP address.  Either set a static IP, use some type of dynamic DNS or look up the address on the screen hooked to the Pi's HDMI port. 

1. Plug the Z-Stick into a USB port on the Raspberry Pi.
1. The "first" Z-Stick is accessible via device /dev/ttyUSB0 .
2. Install Domoticz using the Domoticz project guide. Use "the easy way". The installer will most of the heavy lifting. You don't have to manually compile anything.
1. The recommended install command looks something like
   sudo curl -L install.domoticz.com | sudo bash
3. Record the URL provided at the end of the installation process. That is the web address of the Domoticz Admin page.
4. Connect to Domoticz using the address from you got at the end of the installation.   My Raspberry on a dynamic IP can currently reached with the following 
1. http://192.168.1.123:8080/#/Dashboard 

Configuring Z-Wave 

Hardware Controllers

Lets configure a Z-Wave stick hardware device in Domoticz and identify device nodes like switches and outlets.

• Connect to Domoticz with with your web browser using the URL found above.  Your screen should look like that:

• Click on the "setup your Hardware" link.

• Select "OpenZWave USB" for the "Type".
• Select "/dev/ttyUSB0 for the Z-Wave control device
• Enter an optional name

• You should see the ZWave Devices controller on the next page.  

• Click on the Setup button.

• This will take you to the "Nodes" screen where you can see devices controlled by this Z-Wave stick. The picture below shows two digital switches and their controller.  These particular switch "nodes" are multi-function. We will see later that they can measure power usage in addition to acting as switches.

Controlled Devices

We next add the switches and other controlled nodes to the their appropriate sections.

• Select the "Setup" menu and then "Devices" Setup-->Devices. or click on the Dashboard links.  Click on Devices if you see this screen.
  
• The next picture shows two switches with Power Meter and Voltage monitoring capability.  Functionality is enabled and disabled by clicking on the lightbulb icons on the left hand side

• Add the functions to the appropriate Domoticz panel, Switch, Temperature, Weather or Utility by clicking on the green arrow on the right hand side of that device's row.  Domoticz will automatically select the correct menu.  The green arrows will turn to blue arrows for functions/features that have been enabled in the GUI

• Enter the name of the device in the panel that pops up after clicking on the green arrow.I took the default settings in this picture.

• Click on the Switches main menu item. You should see the just-added switches in the panel.  Switches are operated by clicking on the light bulb icon.

Accessing a Switch

The previous sections configured a switch socket.  That device can be enabled and disabled in the GUI via

1. Setup-->Devices
2. In the Switches menu
3. In the Dashboard

Useful links

• Install the Linix OS
• https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/installation/installing-images/windows.md
• https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/raspbian/
• Install Domoticz
• https://www.domoticz.com/wiki/Installing_and_running_Domoticz_on_a_Raspberry_PI
• Open Z-Wave library
• https://github.com/openzwave/
• blah blah blah

Created 2017 04 30

Maven Lifecycle Phases - Fitting in Code Analysis and Other Tools

The build management portion of Maven operates on a type of Template Pattern. Maven moves from lifecycle-phase to lifecycle-phase until there a step failure or until all steps are complete. The following diagram lists the build lifecycle phases. The orange squares represent the main targets that people run. Every phase is executed starting with Validate until the requested end phase is reached.

For example

• "mvn validate" runs just the Validate phase.
• "mvn compile" runs Validate, Initialize, Generate Sources, Process Sources, Generate Resources, Process Resources and Compile.

Each Maven Plugin executes with in a phase. The Surefire unit test plugin, as an example, typically runs the tests in the Test phase.  This means that unit tests don't run if Validation, Compilation, class processing or any of the other preceding phases run with errors.

Maven plugins can execute in their default phase or in any phase of your choosing.  Lifecycle phase selection affects if and when the plugin runs.  You have to decide which mvn command you wish to run the plugin in and which types of failures obviate the need for that plugin.

Code Quality

Teams can use Maven to generate code quality metrics with a variety of plugins. These plugins can be used to fail the build based on minimum quality values.  Failed metrics execution aborts the process at whatever lifecycle phase they run in.  Most code quality Maven plugins have default phases but teams may wish to move them based on how they value different phases. Code quality tools can be run early prior to completing major operations or they can be run late so that some of the standard operations complete/fail prior to getting into code quality analysis.

Static Analysis Phase Selection

Static analysis tools include Checkstyle and PMD.  They can run prior to or after compilation. Some static analysis tools, like Findbugs, run against the compiled binaries. Those should be run after the compilation phase.

When should source code static analysis be run? It is really up to the team based on the priority order for failing a build.

• It can be run prior to compilation, possibly in the Validate phase.  This lets a build skip a long compilation cycle when the code doesn't meet a minimum bar.  
• It can be run after compilation, possibly in the Process Classes phase. This lets the analyzer only run against code that is known syntactically correct because the code is known to compile

Code Coverage Phase Selection

Code coverage tools work by instrumenting the source code or binaries prior to test execution. This means you wish to put the code coverage plugin last after other quality plugins, especially if you have generated code, JAXB, GWT or some other. 

Selecting a code coverage maven phase can take some thought.

• Some teams just bind it to the Test phase. This has the advantage of only running the tests once.  It has the disadvantage of subtly changing the code under tests as the code coverage instrumentation makes minor changes to the test binaries.
• Some teams bind it to the Verify phase.  This has the advantages of failing the build prior to code coverage generation.  It also has the advantage of executing the unit tests without any binary changes. Code coverage in the Verify phase has the downside of requiring the tests to be run twice, once for the test phase and once for the post-test phase.

Generating Reports in the Site Targets

Metrics are usually generated in the Build lifecycle.  They are usually aggregated into web page reports as part of  mvn site web sitegeneration cycle.  It is almost mandatory that maven metrics reports require two different executions. This means metrics are generated in one pass and then formatted for viewing in another pass:

• mvn clean install
• mvn site  

Profiles

Maven profiles let you change the plugins executed based on a profile name.  You can use the default profile for normal developer builds and use some custom profile to execute different plugins.

• Teams that execute quality metrics as part of all builds don't have a lot of work to do. 
• Teams that execute policy metrics in only some special builds may wish to create a custom CI policy that only executes as part of the the CI build.

Maven and Gradle 

Gradle has a completely different approach. It eschews build pipelines based on configuration with those based on scripts.  You can find more information about the differences between Gradle and Maven at https://gradle.org/maven-vs-gradle